diff --git a/kernel/model/backlink.go b/kernel/model/backlink.go
index 88608804a..efafd41cd 100644
--- a/kernel/model/backlink.go
+++ b/kernel/model/backlink.go
@@ -716,6 +716,7 @@ func buildTreeBackmention(defSQLBlock *sql.Block, refBlocks []*Block, keyword st
 	for _, v := range set.Values() {
 		mentionKeywords = append(mentionKeywords, v.(string))
 	}
+	mentionKeywords = prepareMarkKeywords(mentionKeywords)
 	ret = searchBackmention(mentionKeywords, keyword, excludeBacklinkIDs, rootID, beforeLen)
 	return
 }
@@ -726,9 +727,6 @@ func searchBackmention(mentionKeywords []string, keyword string, excludeBacklink
 	if 1 > len(mentionKeywords) {
 		return
 	}
-	sort.SliceStable(mentionKeywords, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return len(mentionKeywords[i]) < len(mentionKeywords[j])
-	})
 
 	table := "blocks_fts" // 大小写敏感
 	if !Conf.Search.CaseSensitive {
diff --git a/kernel/model/file.go b/kernel/model/file.go
index 25b453d63..045208661 100644
--- a/kernel/model/file.go
+++ b/kernel/model/file.go
@@ -615,6 +615,7 @@ func GetDoc(startID, endID, id string, index int, keyword string, mode int, size
 
 		// 虚拟引用排除当前文档名 https://github.com/siyuan-note/siyuan/issues/4537
 		virtualBlockRefKeywords = gulu.Str.ExcludeElem(virtualBlockRefKeywords, []string{tree.Root.IALAttr("title")})
+		virtualBlockRefKeywords = prepareMarkKeywords(virtualBlockRefKeywords)
 	}
 
 	subTree := &parse.Tree{ID: rootID, Root: &ast.Node{Type: ast.NodeDocument}, Marks: tree.Marks}
diff --git a/kernel/model/search.go b/kernel/model/search.go
index 27233cf69..4f7423332 100644
--- a/kernel/model/search.go
+++ b/kernel/model/search.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package model
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"path"
+	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -641,7 +642,24 @@ func stringQuery(query string) string {
 	return strings.TrimSpace(buf.String())
 }
 
+func prepareMarkKeywords(keywords []string) (ret []string) {
+	keywords = gulu.Str.RemoveDuplicatedElem(keywords)
+	for _, k := range keywords {
+		if strings.ContainsAny(k, "?*!@#$%^&()[]{}\\|;:'\",.<>~`") {
+			continue
+		}
+		ret = append(ret, k)
+	}
+
+	sort.SliceStable(ret, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return len(ret[i]) < len(ret[j])
+	})
+	return
+}
+
 func markReplaceSpan(text string, keywords []string, replacementStart, replacementEnd string) (ret string) {
+	// 调用该函数前参数 keywords 必须使用 prepareMarkKeywords 函数进行预处理
+
 	parts := strings.Split(text, " ")
 	for i, part := range parts {
 		if "" == part {