import { extractEnvVariable } from 'librechat-data-provider';
import type { MCPOptions } from 'librechat-data-provider';
import type { IUser } from '@librechat/data-schemas';
import type { RequestBody } from '~/types';
import { extractOpenIDTokenInfo, processOpenIDPlaceholders, isOpenIDTokenValid } from './oidc';

/**
 * List of allowed user fields that can be used in MCP environment variables.
 * These are non-sensitive string/boolean fields from the IUser interface.
 */
const ALLOWED_USER_FIELDS = [
  'id',
  'name',
  'username',
  'email',
  'provider',
  'role',
  'googleId',
  'facebookId',
  'openidId',
  'samlId',
  'ldapId',
  'githubId',
  'discordId',
  'appleId',
  'emailVerified',
  'twoFactorEnabled',
  'termsAccepted',
] as const;

type AllowedUserField = (typeof ALLOWED_USER_FIELDS)[number];
type SafeUser = Pick<IUser, AllowedUserField>;

/**
 * Encodes a string value to be safe for HTTP headers.
 * HTTP headers are restricted to ASCII characters (0-255) per the Fetch API standard.
 * Non-ASCII characters with Unicode values > 255 are Base64 encoded with 'b64:' prefix.
 *
 * NOTE: This is a LibreChat-specific encoding scheme to work around Fetch API limitations.
 * MCP servers receiving headers with the 'b64:' prefix should:
 * 1. Detect the 'b64:' prefix in header values
 * 2. Remove the prefix and Base64-decode the remaining string
 * 3. Use the decoded UTF-8 string as the actual value
 *
 * Example decoding (Node.js):
 *   if (headerValue.startsWith('b64:')) {
 *     const decoded = Buffer.from(headerValue.slice(4), 'base64').toString('utf8');
 *   }
 *
 * @param value - The string value to encode
 * @returns ASCII-safe string (encoded if necessary)
 *
 * @example
 * encodeHeaderValue("José")   // Returns "José" (é = 233, safe)
 * encodeHeaderValue("Marić")  // Returns "b64:TWFyacSH" (ć = 263, needs encoding)
 */
export function encodeHeaderValue(value: string): string {
  // Handle non-string or empty values
  if (!value || typeof value !== 'string') {
    return '';
  }

  // Check if string contains extended Unicode characters (> 255)
  // Characters 0-255 (ASCII + Latin-1) are safe and don't need encoding
  // Characters > 255 (e.g., ć=263, đ=272, ł=322) need Base64 encoding
  // eslint-disable-next-line no-control-regex
  const hasExtendedUnicode = /[^\u0000-\u00FF]/.test(value);

  if (!hasExtendedUnicode) {
    return value; // Safe to pass through
  }

  // Encode to Base64 for extended Unicode characters
  const base64 = Buffer.from(value, 'utf8').toString('base64');
  return `b64:${base64}`;
}

/**
 * Creates a safe user object containing only allowed fields.
 * Preserves federatedTokens for OpenID token template variable resolution.
 *
 * @param user - The user object to extract safe fields from
 * @returns A new object containing only allowed fields plus federatedTokens if present
 */
export function createSafeUser(
  user: IUser | null | undefined,
): Partial<SafeUser> & { federatedTokens?: unknown } {
  if (!user) {
    return {};
  }

  const safeUser: Partial<SafeUser> & { federatedTokens?: unknown } = {};
  for (const field of ALLOWED_USER_FIELDS) {
    if (field in user) {
      safeUser[field] = user[field];
    }
  }

  if ('federatedTokens' in user) {
    safeUser.federatedTokens = user.federatedTokens;
  }

  return safeUser;
}

/**
 * List of allowed request body fields that can be used in header placeholders.
 * These are common fields from the request body that are safe to expose in headers.
 */
const ALLOWED_BODY_FIELDS = ['conversationId', 'parentMessageId', 'messageId'] as const;

/**
 * Processes a string value to replace user field placeholders.
 * When isHeader is true, non-ASCII characters in certain fields are Base64 encoded.
 *
 * @param value - The string value to process
 * @param user - The user object
 * @param isHeader - Whether this value will be used in an HTTP header
 * @returns The processed string with placeholders replaced (and encoded if necessary)
 */
function processUserPlaceholders(
  value: string,
  user?: Partial<IUser>,
  isHeader: boolean = false,
): string {
  if (!user || typeof value !== 'string') {
    return value;
  }

  for (const field of ALLOWED_USER_FIELDS) {
    const placeholder = `{{LIBRECHAT_USER_${field.toUpperCase()}}}`;

    if (typeof value !== 'string' || !value.includes(placeholder)) {
      continue;
    }

    const fieldValue = user[field as keyof IUser];

    // Skip replacement if field doesn't exist in user object
    if (!(field in user)) {
      continue;
    }

    // Special case for 'id' field: skip if undefined or empty
    if (field === 'id' && (fieldValue === undefined || fieldValue === '')) {
      continue;
    }

    let replacementValue = fieldValue == null ? '' : String(fieldValue);

    // Encode non-ASCII characters when used in headers
    // Fields like name, username, email can contain non-ASCII characters
    // that would cause ByteString conversion errors in the Fetch API
    if (isHeader) {
      const fieldsToEncode = ['name', 'username', 'email'];
      if (fieldsToEncode.includes(field)) {
        replacementValue = encodeHeaderValue(replacementValue);
      }
    }

    value = value.replace(new RegExp(placeholder, 'g'), replacementValue);
  }

  return value;
}

/**
 * Replaces request body field placeholders within a string.
 * Recognized placeholders: `{{LIBRECHAT_BODY_<FIELD>}}` where `<FIELD>` ∈ ALLOWED_BODY_FIELDS.
 * If a body field is absent or null/undefined, it is replaced with an empty string.
 *
 * @param value - The string value to process
 * @param body - The request body object
 * @returns The processed string with placeholders replaced
 */
function processBodyPlaceholders(value: string, body: RequestBody): string {
  // Type guard: ensure value is a string
  if (typeof value !== 'string') {
    return value;
  }

  for (const field of ALLOWED_BODY_FIELDS) {
    const placeholder = `{{LIBRECHAT_BODY_${field.toUpperCase()}}}`;
    if (!value.includes(placeholder)) {
      continue;
    }

    const fieldValue = body[field];
    const replacementValue = fieldValue == null ? '' : String(fieldValue);
    value = value.replace(new RegExp(placeholder, 'g'), replacementValue);
  }

  return value;
}

/**
 * Processes a single string value by replacing various types of placeholders
 *
 * @param originalValue - The original string value to process
 * @param customUserVars - Optional custom user variables to replace placeholders
 * @param user - Optional user object for replacing user field placeholders
 * @param body - Optional request body object for replacing body field placeholders
 * @param isHeader - Whether this value will be used in an HTTP header (enables encoding)
 * @returns The processed string with all placeholders replaced
 */
function processSingleValue({
  originalValue,
  customUserVars,
  user,
  body = undefined,
  isHeader = false,
}: {
  originalValue: string;
  customUserVars?: Record<string, string>;
  user?: Partial<IUser>;
  body?: RequestBody;
  isHeader?: boolean;
}): string {
  // Type guard: ensure we're working with a string
  if (typeof originalValue !== 'string') {
    return String(originalValue);
  }

  let value = originalValue;

  if (customUserVars) {
    for (const [varName, varVal] of Object.entries(customUserVars)) {
      /** Escaped varName for use in regex to avoid issues with special characters */
      const escapedVarName = varName.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&');
      const placeholderRegex = new RegExp(`\\{\\{${escapedVarName}\\}\\}`, 'g');
      value = value.replace(placeholderRegex, varVal);
    }
  }

  value = processUserPlaceholders(value, user, isHeader);

  const openidTokenInfo = extractOpenIDTokenInfo(user);
  if (openidTokenInfo && isOpenIDTokenValid(openidTokenInfo)) {
    value = processOpenIDPlaceholders(value, openidTokenInfo);
  }

  if (body) {
    value = processBodyPlaceholders(value, body);
  }

  value = extractEnvVariable(value);

  return value;
}

/**
 * Recursively processes an object to replace environment variables in string values
 * @param params - Processing parameters
 * @param params.options - The MCP options to process
 * @param params.user - The user object containing all user fields
 * @param params.customUserVars - vars that user set in settings
 * @param params.body - the body of the request that is being processed
 * @returns - The processed object with environment variables replaced
 */
export function processMCPEnv(params: {
  options: Readonly<MCPOptions>;
  user?: Partial<IUser>;
  customUserVars?: Record<string, string>;
  body?: RequestBody;
}): MCPOptions {
  const { options, user, customUserVars, body } = params;

  if (options === null || options === undefined) {
    return options;
  }

  const newObj: MCPOptions = structuredClone(options);

  // Apply admin-provided API key to headers at runtime
  // Note: User-provided keys use {{MCP_API_KEY}} placeholder in headers,
  // which is processed later via customUserVars replacement
  if ('apiKey' in newObj && newObj.apiKey) {
    const apiKeyConfig = newObj.apiKey as {
      key?: string;
      source: 'admin' | 'user';
      authorization_type: 'basic' | 'bearer' | 'custom';
      custom_header?: string;
    };

    if (apiKeyConfig.source === 'admin' && apiKeyConfig.key) {
      const { key, authorization_type, custom_header } = apiKeyConfig;
      const headerName =
        authorization_type === 'custom' ? custom_header || 'X-Api-Key' : 'Authorization';

      let headerValue = key;
      if (authorization_type === 'basic') {
        headerValue = `Basic ${key}`;
      } else if (authorization_type === 'bearer') {
        headerValue = `Bearer ${key}`;
      }

      // Initialize headers if needed and add the API key header (overwrites if header already exists)
      const objWithHeaders = newObj as { headers?: Record<string, string> };
      if (!objWithHeaders.headers) {
        objWithHeaders.headers = {};
      }
      objWithHeaders.headers[headerName] = headerValue;
    }
  }

  if ('env' in newObj && newObj.env) {
    const processedEnv: Record<string, string> = {};
    for (const [key, originalValue] of Object.entries(newObj.env)) {
      processedEnv[key] = processSingleValue({ originalValue, customUserVars, user, body });
    }
    newObj.env = processedEnv;
  }

  if ('args' in newObj && newObj.args) {
    const processedArgs: string[] = [];
    for (const originalValue of newObj.args) {
      processedArgs.push(processSingleValue({ originalValue, customUserVars, user, body }));
    }
    newObj.args = processedArgs;
  }

  // Process headers if they exist (for WebSocket, SSE, StreamableHTTP types)
  // Note: `env` and `headers` are on different branches of the MCPOptions union type.
  if ('headers' in newObj && newObj.headers) {
    const processedHeaders: Record<string, string> = {};
    for (const [key, originalValue] of Object.entries(newObj.headers)) {
      processedHeaders[key] = processSingleValue({
        originalValue,
        customUserVars,
        user,
        body,
        isHeader: true, // Important: Enable header encoding
      });
    }
    newObj.headers = processedHeaders;
  }

  // Process URL if it exists (for WebSocket, SSE, StreamableHTTP types)
  if ('url' in newObj && newObj.url) {
    newObj.url = processSingleValue({ originalValue: newObj.url, customUserVars, user, body });
  }

  // Process OAuth configuration if it exists (for all transport types)
  if ('oauth' in newObj && newObj.oauth) {
    const processedOAuth: Record<string, boolean | string | string[] | undefined> = {};
    for (const [key, originalValue] of Object.entries(newObj.oauth)) {
      // Only process string values for environment variables
      // token_exchange_method is an enum and shouldn't be processed
      if (typeof originalValue === 'string') {
        processedOAuth[key] = processSingleValue({ originalValue, customUserVars, user, body });
      } else {
        processedOAuth[key] = originalValue;
      }
    }
    newObj.oauth = processedOAuth;
  }

  return newObj;
}

/**
 * Recursively processes a value, replacing placeholders in strings while preserving structure
 * @param value - The value to process (can be string, number, boolean, array, object, etc.)
 * @param options - Processing options
 * @returns The processed value with the same structure
 */
function processValue(
  value: unknown,
  options: {
    customUserVars?: Record<string, string>;
    user?: IUser;
    body?: RequestBody;
  },
): unknown {
  if (typeof value === 'string') {
    return processSingleValue({
      originalValue: value,
      customUserVars: options.customUserVars,
      user: options.user,
      body: options.body,
    });
  }

  if (Array.isArray(value)) {
    return value.map((item) => processValue(item, options));
  }

  if (value !== null && typeof value === 'object') {
    const processed: Record<string, unknown> = {};
    for (const [key, val] of Object.entries(value)) {
      processed[key] = processValue(val, options);
    }
    return processed;
  }

  return value;
}

/**
 * Recursively resolves placeholders in a nested object structure while preserving types.
 * Only processes string values - leaves numbers, booleans, arrays, and nested objects intact.
 *
 * @param options - Configuration object
 * @param options.obj - The object to process
 * @param options.user - Optional user object for replacing user field placeholders
 * @param options.body - Optional request body object for replacing body field placeholders
 * @param options.customUserVars - Optional custom user variables to replace placeholders
 * @returns The processed object with placeholders replaced in string values
 */
export function resolveNestedObject<T = unknown>(options?: {
  obj: T | undefined;
  user?: Partial<IUser> | { id: string };
  body?: RequestBody;
  customUserVars?: Record<string, string>;
}): T {
  const { obj, user, body, customUserVars } = options ?? {};

  if (!obj) {
    return obj as T;
  }

  return processValue(obj, {
    customUserVars,
    user: user as IUser,
    body,
  }) as T;
}

/**
 * Resolves header values by replacing user placeholders, body variables, custom variables, and environment variables.
 * Automatically encodes non-ASCII characters for header safety.
 *
 * @param options - Optional configuration object
 * @param options.headers - The headers object to process
 * @param options.user - Optional user object for replacing user field placeholders (can be partial with just id)
 * @param options.body - Optional request body object for replacing body field placeholders
 * @param options.customUserVars - Optional custom user variables to replace placeholders
 * @returns The processed headers with all placeholders replaced
 */
export function resolveHeaders(options?: {
  headers: Record<string, string> | undefined;
  user?: Partial<IUser> | { id: string };
  body?: RequestBody;
  customUserVars?: Record<string, string>;
}) {
  const { headers, user, body, customUserVars } = options ?? {};
  const inputHeaders = headers ?? {};

  const resolvedHeaders: Record<string, string> = { ...inputHeaders };

  if (inputHeaders && typeof inputHeaders === 'object' && !Array.isArray(inputHeaders)) {
    Object.keys(inputHeaders).forEach((key) => {
      resolvedHeaders[key] = processSingleValue({
        originalValue: inputHeaders[key],
        customUserVars,
        user: user as IUser,
        body,
        isHeader: true, // Important: Enable header encoding
      });
    });
  }

  return resolvedHeaders;
}