🛡️ fix: Handle Null MCPManager In OAuthReconnectionManager (#9740)

* fix: axios response logging for text parsing, remove console logging, remove jsdoc

* refactor: error logging in logAxiosError function to handle various error types with type guards

* refactor: enhance text parsing with improved error handling and async file reading

* refactor: replace synchronous file reading with asynchronous methods for improved performance and memory management

* ci: update tests

api/server/utils/sendEmail.js

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-const fs = require('fs');
 const path = require('path');
 const axios = require('axios');
 const FormData = require('form-data');
 const nodemailer = require('nodemailer');
 const handlebars = require('handlebars');
 const { logger } = require('@librechat/data-schemas');
-const { logAxiosError, isEnabled } = require('@librechat/api');
+const { logAxiosError, isEnabled, readFileAsString } = require('@librechat/api');
 
 /**
  * Sends an email using Mailgun API.
@@ -93,8 +92,7 @@ const sendEmailViaSMTP = async ({ transporterOptions, mailOptions }) => {
  */
 const sendEmail = async ({ email, subject, payload, template, throwError = true }) => {
   try {
-    // Read and compile the email template
+    const { content: source } = await readFileAsString(path.join(__dirname, 'emails', template));
-    const source = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, 'emails', template), 'utf8');
     const compiledTemplate = handlebars.compile(source);
     const html = compiledTemplate(payload);
 

api/strategies/ldapStrategy.js

@@ -109,7 +109,8 @@ const ldapLogin = new LdapStrategy(ldapOptions, async (userinfo, done) => {
     const username =
       (LDAP_USERNAME && userinfo[LDAP_USERNAME]) || userinfo.givenName || userinfo.mail;
 
-    const mail = (LDAP_EMAIL && userinfo[LDAP_EMAIL]) || userinfo.mail || username + '@ldap.local';
+    let mail = (LDAP_EMAIL && userinfo[LDAP_EMAIL]) || userinfo.mail || username + '@ldap.local';
+    mail = Array.isArray(mail) ? mail[0] : mail;
 
     if (!userinfo.mail && !(LDAP_EMAIL && userinfo[LDAP_EMAIL])) {
       logger.warn(

api/strategies/ldapStrategy.spec.js

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+// --- Mocks ---
+jest.mock('@librechat/data-schemas', () => ({
+  logger: {
+    info: jest.fn(),
+    warn: jest.fn(),
+    debug: jest.fn(),
+    error: jest.fn(),
+  },
+}));
+
+jest.mock('@librechat/api', () => ({
+  // isEnabled used for TLS flags
+  isEnabled: jest.fn(() => false),
+  getBalanceConfig: jest.fn(() => ({ enabled: false })),
+}));
+
+jest.mock('~/models', () => ({
+  findUser: jest.fn(),
+  createUser: jest.fn(),
+  updateUser: jest.fn(),
+  countUsers: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
+jest.mock('~/server/services/Config', () => ({
+  getAppConfig: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({}),
+}));
+
+jest.mock('~/server/services/domains', () => ({
+  isEmailDomainAllowed: jest.fn(() => true),
+}));
+
+// Mock passport-ldapauth to capture verify callback
+let verifyCallback;
+jest.mock('passport-ldapauth', () => {
+  return jest.fn().mockImplementation((options, verify) => {
+    verifyCallback = verify; // capture the strategy verify function
+    return { name: 'ldap', options, verify };
+  });
+});
+
+const { ErrorTypes } = require('librechat-data-provider');
+const { findUser, createUser, updateUser, countUsers } = require('~/models');
+const { isEmailDomainAllowed } = require('~/server/services/domains');
+
+// Helper to call the verify callback and wrap in a Promise for convenience
+const callVerify = (userinfo) =>
+  new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    verifyCallback(userinfo, (err, user, info) => {
+      if (err) return reject(err);
+      resolve({ user, info });
+    });
+  });
+
+describe('ldapStrategy', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.clearAllMocks();
+
+    // minimal required env for ldapStrategy module to export
+    process.env.LDAP_URL = 'ldap://example.com';
+    process.env.LDAP_USER_SEARCH_BASE = 'ou=users,dc=example,dc=com';
+
+    // Unset optional envs to exercise defaults
+    delete process.env.LDAP_CA_CERT_PATH;
+    delete process.env.LDAP_FULL_NAME;
+    delete process.env.LDAP_ID;
+    delete process.env.LDAP_USERNAME;
+    delete process.env.LDAP_EMAIL;
+    delete process.env.LDAP_TLS_REJECT_UNAUTHORIZED;
+    delete process.env.LDAP_STARTTLS;
+
+    // Default model/domain mocks
+    findUser.mockReset().mockResolvedValue(null);
+    createUser.mockReset().mockResolvedValue('newUserId');
+    updateUser.mockReset().mockImplementation(async (id, user) => ({ _id: id, ...user }));
+    countUsers.mockReset().mockResolvedValue(0);
+    isEmailDomainAllowed.mockReset().mockReturnValue(true);
+
+    // Ensure requiring the strategy sets up the verify callback
+    jest.isolateModules(() => {
+      require('./ldapStrategy');
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('uses the first email when LDAP returns multiple emails (array)', async () => {
+    const userinfo = {
+      uid: 'uid123',
+      givenName: 'Alice',
+      cn: 'Alice Doe',
+      mail: ['first@example.com', 'second@example.com'],
+    };
+
+    const { user } = await callVerify(userinfo);
+
+    expect(user.email).toBe('first@example.com');
+    expect(createUser).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        provider: 'ldap',
+        ldapId: 'uid123',
+        username: 'Alice',
+        email: 'first@example.com',
+        emailVerified: true,
+        name: 'Alice Doe',
+      }),
+      expect.any(Object),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('blocks login if an existing user has a different provider', async () => {
+    findUser.mockResolvedValue({ _id: 'u1', email: 'first@example.com', provider: 'google' });
+
+    const userinfo = {
+      uid: 'uid123',
+      mail: 'first@example.com',
+      givenName: 'Alice',
+      cn: 'Alice Doe',
+    };
+
+    const { user, info } = await callVerify(userinfo);
+
+    expect(user).toBe(false);
+    expect(info).toEqual({ message: ErrorTypes.AUTH_FAILED });
+    expect(createUser).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('updates an existing ldap user with current LDAP info', async () => {
+    const existing = {
+      _id: 'u2',
+      provider: 'ldap',
+      email: 'old@example.com',
+      ldapId: 'uid123',
+      username: 'olduser',
+      name: 'Old Name',
+    };
+    findUser.mockResolvedValue(existing);
+
+    const userinfo = {
+      uid: 'uid123',
+      mail: 'new@example.com',
+      givenName: 'NewFirst',
+      cn: 'NewFirst NewLast',
+    };
+
+    const { user } = await callVerify(userinfo);
+
+    expect(createUser).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(updateUser).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      'u2',
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        provider: 'ldap',
+        ldapId: 'uid123',
+        email: 'new@example.com',
+        username: 'NewFirst',
+        name: 'NewFirst NewLast',
+      }),
+    );
+    expect(user.email).toBe('new@example.com');
+  });
+
+  it('falls back to username@ldap.local when no email attributes are present', async () => {
+    const userinfo = {
+      uid: 'uid999',
+      givenName: 'John',
+      cn: 'John Doe',
+      // no mail and no custom LDAP_EMAIL
+    };
+
+    const { user } = await callVerify(userinfo);
+
+    expect(user.email).toBe('John@ldap.local');
+  });
+
+  it('denies login if email domain is not allowed', async () => {
+    isEmailDomainAllowed.mockReturnValue(false);
+
+    const userinfo = {
+      uid: 'uid123',
+      mail: 'notallowed@blocked.com',
+      givenName: 'Alice',
+      cn: 'Alice Doe',
+    };
+
+    const { user, info } = await callVerify(userinfo);
+    expect(user).toBe(false);
+    expect(info).toEqual({ message: 'Email domain not allowed' });
+  });
+});

client/src/components/Artifacts/ArtifactPreview.tsx

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import {
   SandpackProvider,
   SandpackProviderProps,
 } from '@codesandbox/sandpack-react/unstyled';
-import type { SandpackPreviewRef } from '@codesandbox/sandpack-react/unstyled';
+import type { SandpackPreviewRef, PreviewProps } from '@codesandbox/sandpack-react/unstyled';
 import type { TStartupConfig } from 'librechat-data-provider';
 import type { ArtifactFiles } from '~/common';
 import { sharedFiles, sharedOptions } from '~/utils/artifacts';
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ export const ArtifactPreview = memo(function ({
   files,
   fileKey,
   template,
+  isMermaid,
   sharedProps,
   previewRef,
   currentCode,
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ export const ArtifactPreview = memo(function ({
 }: {
   files: ArtifactFiles;
   fileKey: string;
+  isMermaid: boolean;
   template: SandpackProviderProps['template'];
   sharedProps: Partial<SandpackProviderProps>;
   previewRef: React.MutableRefObject<SandpackPreviewRef>;
@@ -54,6 +56,15 @@ export const ArtifactPreview = memo(function ({
     return _options;
   }, [startupConfig, template]);
 
+  const style: PreviewProps['style'] | undefined = useMemo(() => {
+    if (isMermaid) {
+      return {
+        backgroundColor: '#282C34',
+      };
+    }
+    return;
+  }, [isMermaid]);
+
   if (Object.keys(artifactFiles).length === 0) {
     return null;
   }
@@ -73,6 +84,7 @@ export const ArtifactPreview = memo(function ({
         showRefreshButton={false}
         tabIndex={0}
         ref={previewRef}
+        style={style}
       />
     </SandpackProvider>
   );

client/src/components/Artifacts/ArtifactTabs.tsx

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { useAutoScroll } from '~/hooks/Artifacts/useAutoScroll';
 import { ArtifactCodeEditor } from './ArtifactCodeEditor';
 import { useGetStartupConfig } from '~/data-provider';
 import { ArtifactPreview } from './ArtifactPreview';
+import { MermaidMarkdown } from './MermaidMarkdown';
 import { cn } from '~/utils';
 
 export default function ArtifactTabs({
@@ -44,6 +45,9 @@ export default function ArtifactTabs({
         id="artifacts-code"
         className={cn('flex-grow overflow-auto')}
       >
+        {isMermaid ? (
+          <MermaidMarkdown content={content} isSubmitting={isSubmitting} />
+        ) : (
           <ArtifactCodeEditor
             files={files}
             fileKey={fileKey}
@@ -52,15 +56,14 @@ export default function ArtifactTabs({
             editorRef={editorRef}
             sharedProps={sharedProps}
           />
+        )}
       </Tabs.Content>
-      <Tabs.Content
+      <Tabs.Content value="preview" className="flex-grow overflow-auto">
-        value="preview"
-        className={cn('flex-grow overflow-auto', isMermaid ? 'bg-[#282C34]' : 'bg-white')}
-      >
         <ArtifactPreview
           files={files}
           fileKey={fileKey}
           template={template}
+          isMermaid={isMermaid}
           previewRef={previewRef}
           sharedProps={sharedProps}
           currentCode={currentCode}

client/src/components/Artifacts/Artifacts.tsx

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { useEditorContext } from '~/Providers';
 import ArtifactTabs from './ArtifactTabs';
 import { CopyCodeButton } from './Code';
 import { useLocalize } from '~/hooks';
+import { cn } from '~/utils';
 import store from '~/store';
 
 export default function Artifacts() {
@@ -58,9 +59,10 @@ export default function Artifacts() {
       <div className="flex h-full w-full items-center justify-center">
         {/* Main Container */}
         <div
-          className={`flex h-full w-full flex-col overflow-hidden border border-border-medium bg-surface-primary text-xl text-text-primary shadow-xl transition-all duration-500 ease-in-out ${
+          className={cn(
-            isVisible ? 'scale-100 opacity-100 blur-0' : 'scale-105 opacity-0 blur-sm'
+            `flex h-full w-full flex-col overflow-hidden border border-border-medium bg-surface-primary text-xl text-text-primary shadow-xl transition-all duration-500 ease-in-out`,
-          }`}
+            isVisible ? 'scale-100 opacity-100 blur-0' : 'scale-105 opacity-0 blur-sm',
+          )}
         >
           {/* Header */}
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-border-medium bg-surface-primary-alt p-2">
@@ -74,16 +76,17 @@ export default function Artifacts() {
               {/* Refresh button */}
               {activeTab === 'preview' && (
                 <button
-                  className={`mr-2 text-text-secondary transition-transform duration-500 ease-in-out ${
+                  className={cn(
-                    isRefreshing ? 'rotate-180' : ''
+                    'mr-2 text-text-secondary transition-transform duration-500 ease-in-out',
-                  }`}
+                    isRefreshing ? 'rotate-180' : '',
+                  )}
                   onClick={handleRefresh}
                   disabled={isRefreshing}
                   aria-label="Refresh"
                 >
                   <RefreshCw
                     size={16}
-                    className={`transform ${isRefreshing ? 'animate-spin' : ''}`}
+                    className={cn('transform', isRefreshing ? 'animate-spin' : '')}
                   />
                 </button>
               )}

client/src/components/Artifacts/MermaidMarkdown.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { CodeMarkdown } from './Code';
+
+export function MermaidMarkdown({
+  content,
+  isSubmitting,
+}: {
+  content: string;
+  isSubmitting: boolean;
+}) {
+  return <CodeMarkdown content={`\`\`\`mermaid\n${content}\`\`\``} isSubmitting={isSubmitting} />;
+}

packages/api/src/files/mistral/crud.spec.ts

@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ jest.mock('~/utils/axios', () => ({
   logAxiosError: jest.fn(({ message }) => message || 'Error'),
 }));
 
+jest.mock('~/utils/files', () => ({
+  readFileAsBuffer: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
 import * as fs from 'fs';
 import axios from 'axios';
 import { HttpsProxyAgent } from 'https-proxy-agent';
@@ -56,6 +60,7 @@ import type {
   OCRResult,
 } from '~/types';
 import { logger as mockLogger } from '@librechat/data-schemas';
+import { readFileAsBuffer } from '~/utils/files';
 import {
   uploadDocumentToMistral,
   uploadAzureMistralOCR,
@@ -1978,9 +1983,10 @@ describe('MistralOCR Service', () => {
 
     describe('Azure Mistral OCR with proxy', () => {
       beforeEach(() => {
-        (jest.mocked(fs).readFileSync as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(
+        (readFileAsBuffer as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({
-          Buffer.from('mock-file-content'),
+          content: Buffer.from('mock-file-content'),
-        );
+          bytes: Buffer.from('mock-file-content').length,
+        });
       });
 
       it('should use proxy for Azure Mistral OCR requests', async () => {
@@ -2098,7 +2104,10 @@ describe('MistralOCR Service', () => {
 
   describe('uploadAzureMistralOCR', () => {
     beforeEach(() => {
-      (jest.mocked(fs).readFileSync as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(Buffer.from('mock-file-content'));
+      (readFileAsBuffer as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({
+        content: Buffer.from('mock-file-content'),
+        bytes: Buffer.from('mock-file-content').length,
+      });
       // Reset the HttpsProxyAgent mock to its default implementation for Azure tests
       (HttpsProxyAgent as unknown as jest.Mock).mockImplementation((url) => ({ proxyUrl: url }));
       // Clean up any PROXY env var from previous tests
@@ -2172,7 +2181,9 @@ describe('MistralOCR Service', () => {
         loadAuthValues: mockLoadAuthValues,
       });
 
-      expect(jest.mocked(fs).readFileSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith('/tmp/upload/azure-file.pdf');
+      expect(readFileAsBuffer).toHaveBeenCalledWith('/tmp/upload/azure-file.pdf', {
+        fileSize: undefined,
+      });
 
       // Verify OCR was called with base64 data URL
       expect(mockAxios.post).toHaveBeenCalledWith(

packages/api/src/files/mistral/crud.ts

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import type {
   OCRImage,
 } from '~/types';
 import { logAxiosError, createAxiosInstance } from '~/utils/axios';
+import { readFileAsBuffer } from '~/utils/files';
 import { loadServiceKey } from '~/utils/key';
 
 const axios = createAxiosInstance();
@@ -464,7 +465,9 @@ export const uploadAzureMistralOCR = async (
     const { apiKey, baseURL } = await loadAuthConfig(context);
     const model = getModelConfig(context.req.config?.ocr);
 
-    const buffer = fs.readFileSync(context.file.path);
+    const { content: buffer } = await readFileAsBuffer(context.file.path, {
+      fileSize: context.file.size,
+    });
     const base64 = buffer.toString('base64');
     /** Uses actual mimetype of the file, 'image/jpeg' as fallback since it seems to be accepted regardless of mismatch */
     const base64Prefix = `data:${context.file.mimetype || 'image/jpeg'};base64,`;
@@ -691,7 +694,9 @@ export const uploadGoogleVertexMistralOCR = async (
     const { serviceAccount, accessToken } = await loadGoogleAuthConfig();
     const model = getModelConfig(context.req.config?.ocr);
 
-    const buffer = fs.readFileSync(context.file.path);
+    const { content: buffer } = await readFileAsBuffer(context.file.path, {
+      fileSize: context.file.size,
+    });
     const base64 = buffer.toString('base64');
     const base64Prefix = `data:${context.file.mimetype || 'application/pdf'};base64,`;
 

packages/api/src/files/text.spec.ts

@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ jest.mock('@librechat/data-schemas', () => ({
   },
 }));
 
-import { parseTextNative, parseText } from './text';
-
 jest.mock('fs', () => ({
   readFileSync: jest.fn(),
   createReadStream: jest.fn(),
@@ -36,10 +34,24 @@ jest.mock('form-data', () => {
   }));
 });
 
+// Mock the utils module to avoid AWS SDK issues
+jest.mock('../utils', () => ({
+  logAxiosError: jest.fn((args) => {
+    if (typeof args === 'object' && args.message) {
+      return args.message;
+    }
+    return 'Error';
+  }),
+  readFileAsString: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
+// Now import everything after mocks are in place
+import { parseTextNative, parseText } from './text';
 import fs, { ReadStream } from 'fs';
 import axios from 'axios';
 import FormData from 'form-data';
 import { generateShortLivedToken } from '../crypto/jwt';
+import { readFileAsString } from '../utils';
 
 const mockedFs = fs as jest.Mocked<typeof fs>;
 const mockedAxios = axios as jest.Mocked<typeof axios>;
@@ -47,6 +59,7 @@ const mockedFormData = FormData as jest.MockedClass<typeof FormData>;
 const mockedGenerateShortLivedToken = generateShortLivedToken as jest.MockedFunction<
   typeof generateShortLivedToken
 >;
+const mockedReadFileAsString = readFileAsString as jest.MockedFunction<typeof readFileAsString>;
 
 describe('text', () => {
   const mockFile: Express.Multer.File = {
@@ -74,29 +87,32 @@ describe('text', () => {
   });
 
   describe('parseTextNative', () => {
-    it('should successfully parse a text file', () => {
+    it('should successfully parse a text file', async () => {
       const mockText = 'Hello, world!';
-      mockedFs.readFileSync.mockReturnValue(mockText);
+      const mockBytes = Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8');
 
-      const result = parseTextNative(mockFile);
+      mockedReadFileAsString.mockResolvedValue({
+        content: mockText,
+        bytes: mockBytes,
+      });
 
-      expect(mockedFs.readFileSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith('/tmp/test.txt', 'utf8');
+      const result = await parseTextNative(mockFile);
+
+      expect(mockedReadFileAsString).toHaveBeenCalledWith('/tmp/test.txt', {
+        fileSize: 100,
+      });
       expect(result).toEqual({
         text: mockText,
-        bytes: Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8'),
+        bytes: mockBytes,
         source: FileSources.text,
       });
     });
 
-    it('should throw an error when file cannot be read', () => {
+    it('should handle file read errors', async () => {
       const mockError = new Error('File not found');
-      mockedFs.readFileSync.mockImplementation(() => {
+      mockedReadFileAsString.mockRejectedValue(mockError);
-        throw mockError;
-      });
 
-      expect(() => parseTextNative(mockFile)).toThrow(
+      await expect(parseTextNative(mockFile)).rejects.toThrow('File not found');
-        'Failed to read file as text: Error: File not found',
-      );
     });
   });
 
@@ -115,7 +131,12 @@ describe('text', () => {
 
     it('should fall back to native parsing when RAG_API_URL is not defined', async () => {
       const mockText = 'Native parsing result';
-      mockedFs.readFileSync.mockReturnValue(mockText);
+      const mockBytes = Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8');
+
+      mockedReadFileAsString.mockResolvedValue({
+        content: mockText,
+        bytes: mockBytes,
+      });
 
       const result = await parseText({
         req: mockReq,
@@ -125,7 +146,7 @@ describe('text', () => {
 
       expect(result).toEqual({
         text: mockText,
-        bytes: Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8'),
+        bytes: mockBytes,
         source: FileSources.text,
       });
       expect(mockedAxios.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -134,7 +155,12 @@ describe('text', () => {
     it('should fall back to native parsing when health check fails', async () => {
       process.env.RAG_API_URL = 'http://rag-api.test';
       const mockText = 'Native parsing result';
-      mockedFs.readFileSync.mockReturnValue(mockText);
+      const mockBytes = Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8');
+
+      mockedReadFileAsString.mockResolvedValue({
+        content: mockText,
+        bytes: mockBytes,
+      });
 
       mockedAxios.get.mockRejectedValue(new Error('Health check failed'));
 
@@ -145,11 +171,11 @@ describe('text', () => {
       });
 
       expect(mockedAxios.get).toHaveBeenCalledWith('http://rag-api.test/health', {
-        timeout: 5000,
+        timeout: 10000,
       });
       expect(result).toEqual({
         text: mockText,
-        bytes: Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8'),
+        bytes: mockBytes,
         source: FileSources.text,
       });
     });
@@ -157,7 +183,12 @@ describe('text', () => {
     it('should fall back to native parsing when health check returns non-OK status', async () => {
       process.env.RAG_API_URL = 'http://rag-api.test';
       const mockText = 'Native parsing result';
-      mockedFs.readFileSync.mockReturnValue(mockText);
+      const mockBytes = Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8');
+
+      mockedReadFileAsString.mockResolvedValue({
+        content: mockText,
+        bytes: mockBytes,
+      });
 
       mockedAxios.get.mockResolvedValue({
         status: 500,
@@ -172,7 +203,7 @@ describe('text', () => {
 
       expect(result).toEqual({
         text: mockText,
-        bytes: Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8'),
+        bytes: mockBytes,
         source: FileSources.text,
       });
     });
@@ -207,7 +238,12 @@ describe('text', () => {
     it('should fall back to native parsing when RAG API response lacks text property', async () => {
       process.env.RAG_API_URL = 'http://rag-api.test';
       const mockText = 'Native parsing result';
-      mockedFs.readFileSync.mockReturnValue(mockText);
+      const mockBytes = Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8');
+
+      mockedReadFileAsString.mockResolvedValue({
+        content: mockText,
+        bytes: mockBytes,
+      });
 
       mockedAxios.get.mockResolvedValue({
         status: 200,
@@ -226,7 +262,7 @@ describe('text', () => {
 
       expect(result).toEqual({
         text: mockText,
-        bytes: Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8'),
+        bytes: mockBytes,
         source: FileSources.text,
       });
     });
@@ -234,7 +270,12 @@ describe('text', () => {
     it('should fall back to native parsing when user is undefined', async () => {
       process.env.RAG_API_URL = 'http://rag-api.test';
       const mockText = 'Native parsing result';
-      mockedFs.readFileSync.mockReturnValue(mockText);
+      const mockBytes = Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8');
+
+      mockedReadFileAsString.mockResolvedValue({
+        content: mockText,
+        bytes: mockBytes,
+      });
 
       const result = await parseText({
         req: { user: undefined },
@@ -247,7 +288,7 @@ describe('text', () => {
       expect(mockedAxios.post).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
       expect(result).toEqual({
         text: mockText,
-        bytes: Buffer.byteLength(mockText, 'utf8'),
+        bytes: mockBytes,
         source: FileSources.text,
       });
     });

packages/api/src/files/text.ts

@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
-import fs from 'fs';
 import axios from 'axios';
 import FormData from 'form-data';
+import { createReadStream } from 'fs';
 import { logger } from '@librechat/data-schemas';
 import { FileSources } from 'librechat-data-provider';
 import type { Request as ServerRequest } from 'express';
+import { logAxiosError, readFileAsString } from '~/utils';
 import { generateShortLivedToken } from '~/crypto/jwt';
 
 /**
  * Attempts to parse text using RAG API, falls back to native text parsing
- * @param {Object} params - The parameters object
+ * @param params - The parameters object
- * @param {Express.Request} params.req - The Express request object
+ * @param params.req - The Express request object
- * @param {Express.Multer.File} params.file - The uploaded file
+ * @param params.file - The uploaded file
- * @param {string} params.file_id - The file ID
+ * @param params.file_id - The file ID
- * @returns {Promise<{text: string, bytes: number, source: string}>}
+ * @returns
  */
 export async function parseText({
   req,
@@ -30,32 +31,33 @@ export async function parseText({
     return parseTextNative(file);
   }
 
-  if (!req.user?.id) {
+  const userId = req.user?.id;
+  if (!userId) {
     logger.debug('[parseText] No user ID provided, falling back to native text parsing');
     return parseTextNative(file);
   }
 
   try {
     const healthResponse = await axios.get(`${process.env.RAG_API_URL}/health`, {
-      timeout: 5000,
+      timeout: 10000,
     });
     if (healthResponse?.statusText !== 'OK' && healthResponse?.status !== 200) {
       logger.debug('[parseText] RAG API health check failed, falling back to native parsing');
       return parseTextNative(file);
     }
   } catch (healthError) {
-    logger.debug(
+    logAxiosError({
-      '[parseText] RAG API health check failed, falling back to native parsing',
+      message: '[parseText] RAG API health check failed, falling back to native parsing:',
-      healthError,
+      error: healthError,
-    );
+    });
     return parseTextNative(file);
   }
 
   try {
-    const jwtToken = generateShortLivedToken(req.user.id);
+    const jwtToken = generateShortLivedToken(userId);
     const formData = new FormData();
     formData.append('file_id', file_id);
-    formData.append('file', fs.createReadStream(file.path));
+    formData.append('file', createReadStream(file.path));
 
     const formHeaders = formData.getHeaders();
 
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ export async function parseText({
     });
 
     const responseData = response.data;
-    logger.debug('[parseText] Response from RAG API', responseData);
+    logger.debug(`[parseText] RAG API completed successfully (${response.status})`);
 
     if (!('text' in responseData)) {
       throw new Error('RAG API did not return parsed text');
@@ -81,7 +83,10 @@ export async function parseText({
       source: FileSources.text,
     };
   } catch (error) {
-    logger.warn('[parseText] RAG API text parsing failed, falling back to native parsing', error);
+    logAxiosError({
+      message: '[parseText] RAG API text parsing failed, falling back to native parsing',
+      error,
+    });
     return parseTextNative(file);
   }
 }
@@ -89,25 +94,21 @@ export async function parseText({
 /**
  * Native JavaScript text parsing fallback
  * Simple text file reading - complex formats handled by RAG API
- * @param {Express.Multer.File} file - The uploaded file
+ * @param file - The uploaded file
- * @returns {{text: string, bytes: number, source: string}}
+ * @returns
  */
-export function parseTextNative(file: Express.Multer.File): {
+export async function parseTextNative(file: Express.Multer.File): Promise<{
   text: string;
   bytes: number;
   source: string;
-} {
+}> {
-  try {
+  const { content: text, bytes } = await readFileAsString(file.path, {
-    const text = fs.readFileSync(file.path, 'utf8');
+    fileSize: file.size,
-    const bytes = Buffer.byteLength(text, 'utf8');
+  });
 
   return {
     text,
     bytes,
     source: FileSources.text,
   };
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.error('[parseTextNative] Failed to parse file:', error);
-    throw new Error(`Failed to read file as text: ${error}`);
-  }
 }

packages/api/src/mcp/oauth/OAuthReconnectionManager.test.ts

@@ -290,5 +290,33 @@ describe('OAuthReconnectionManager', () => {
       expect(reconnectionTracker.isActive(userId, 'server1')).toBe(false);
       expect(mockMCPManager.disconnectUserConnection).toHaveBeenCalledWith(userId, 'server1');
     });
+
+    it('should handle MCPManager not available gracefully', async () => {
+      const userId = 'user-123';
+
+      // Reset singleton first
+      (OAuthReconnectionManager as unknown as { instance: null }).instance = null;
+
+      // Mock MCPManager.getInstance to throw (simulating no MCP manager available)
+      (MCPManager.getInstance as jest.Mock).mockImplementation(() => {
+        throw new Error('MCPManager has not been initialized.');
+      });
+
+      // Create a reconnection manager without MCPManager available
+      const reconnectionTracker = new OAuthReconnectionTracker();
+      const reconnectionManagerWithoutMCP = await OAuthReconnectionManager.createInstance(
+        flowManager,
+        tokenMethods,
+        reconnectionTracker,
+      );
+
+      // Verify that the method does not throw and completes successfully
+      await expect(reconnectionManagerWithoutMCP.reconnectServers(userId)).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+
+      // Verify that the method returns early without attempting any reconnections
+      expect(tokenMethods.findToken).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(mockMCPManager.getUserConnection).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(mockMCPManager.disconnectUserConnection).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
   });
 });

packages/api/src/mcp/oauth/OAuthReconnectionManager.ts

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ export class OAuthReconnectionManager {
 
   protected readonly flowManager: FlowStateManager<MCPOAuthTokens | null>;
   protected readonly tokenMethods: TokenMethods;
+  private readonly mcpManager: MCPManager | null;
 
   private readonly reconnectionsTracker: OAuthReconnectionTracker;
 
@@ -46,6 +47,12 @@ export class OAuthReconnectionManager {
     this.flowManager = flowManager;
     this.tokenMethods = tokenMethods;
     this.reconnectionsTracker = reconnections ?? new OAuthReconnectionTracker();
+
+    try {
+      this.mcpManager = MCPManager.getInstance();
+    } catch {
+      this.mcpManager = null;
+    }
   }
 
   public isReconnecting(userId: string, serverName: string): boolean {
@@ -53,11 +60,17 @@ export class OAuthReconnectionManager {
   }
 
   public async reconnectServers(userId: string) {
-    const mcpManager = MCPManager.getInstance();
+    // Check if MCPManager is available
+    if (this.mcpManager == null) {
+      logger.warn(
+        '[OAuthReconnectionManager] MCPManager not available, skipping OAuth MCP server reconnection',
+      );
+      return;
+    }
 
     // 1. derive the servers to reconnect
     const serversToReconnect = [];
-    for (const serverName of mcpManager.getOAuthServers() ?? []) {
+    for (const serverName of this.mcpManager.getOAuthServers() ?? []) {
       const canReconnect = await this.canReconnect(userId, serverName);
       if (canReconnect) {
         serversToReconnect.push(serverName);
@@ -81,23 +94,25 @@ export class OAuthReconnectionManager {
   }
 
   private async tryReconnect(userId: string, serverName: string) {
-    const mcpManager = MCPManager.getInstance();
+    if (this.mcpManager == null) {
+      return;
+    }
 
     const logPrefix = `[tryReconnectOAuthMCPServer][User: ${userId}][${serverName}]`;
 
     logger.info(`${logPrefix} Attempting reconnection`);
 
-    const config = mcpManager.getRawConfig(serverName);
+    const config = this.mcpManager.getRawConfig(serverName);
 
     const cleanupOnFailedReconnect = () => {
       this.reconnectionsTracker.setFailed(userId, serverName);
       this.reconnectionsTracker.removeActive(userId, serverName);
-      mcpManager.disconnectUserConnection(userId, serverName);
+      this.mcpManager?.disconnectUserConnection(userId, serverName);
     };
 
     try {
       // attempt to get connection (this will use existing tokens and refresh if needed)
-      const connection = await mcpManager.getUserConnection({
+      const connection = await this.mcpManager.getUserConnection({
         serverName,
         user: { id: userId } as TUser,
         flowManager: this.flowManager,
@@ -125,7 +140,9 @@ export class OAuthReconnectionManager {
   }
 
   private async canReconnect(userId: string, serverName: string) {
-    const mcpManager = MCPManager.getInstance();
+    if (this.mcpManager == null) {
+      return false;
+    }
 
     // if the server has failed reconnection, don't attempt to reconnect
     if (this.reconnectionsTracker.isFailed(userId, serverName)) {
@@ -133,7 +150,7 @@ export class OAuthReconnectionManager {
     }
 
     // if the server is already connected, don't attempt to reconnect
-    const existingConnections = mcpManager.getUserConnections(userId);
+    const existingConnections = this.mcpManager.getUserConnections(userId);
     if (existingConnections?.has(serverName)) {
       const isConnected = await existingConnections.get(serverName)?.isConnected();
       if (isConnected) {

packages/api/src/utils/__tests__/files.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
+import { createReadStream } from 'fs';
+import { readFile, stat } from 'fs/promises';
+import { Readable } from 'stream';
+import { readFileAsString, readFileAsBuffer, readJsonFile } from '../files';
+
+jest.mock('fs');
+jest.mock('fs/promises');
+
+describe('File utilities', () => {
+  const mockFilePath = '/test/file.txt';
+  const smallContent = 'Hello, World!';
+  const largeContent = 'x'.repeat(11 * 1024 * 1024); // 11MB of 'x'
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.clearAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  describe('readFileAsString', () => {
+    it('should read small files directly without streaming', async () => {
+      const fileSize = Buffer.byteLength(smallContent);
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(smallContent);
+
+      const result = await readFileAsString(mockFilePath);
+
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        content: smallContent,
+        bytes: fileSize,
+      });
+      expect(stat).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath);
+      expect(readFile).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath, 'utf8');
+      expect(createReadStream).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should use provided fileSize to avoid stat call', async () => {
+      const fileSize = Buffer.byteLength(smallContent);
+
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(smallContent);
+
+      const result = await readFileAsString(mockFilePath, { fileSize });
+
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        content: smallContent,
+        bytes: fileSize,
+      });
+      expect(stat).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(readFile).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath, 'utf8');
+    });
+
+    it('should stream large files', async () => {
+      const fileSize = Buffer.byteLength(largeContent);
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+
+      // Create a mock readable stream
+      const chunks = [
+        largeContent.substring(0, 5000000),
+        largeContent.substring(5000000, 10000000),
+        largeContent.substring(10000000),
+      ];
+
+      const mockStream = new Readable({
+        read() {
+          if (chunks.length > 0) {
+            this.push(chunks.shift());
+          } else {
+            this.push(null); // End stream
+          }
+        },
+      });
+
+      (createReadStream as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(mockStream);
+
+      const result = await readFileAsString(mockFilePath);
+
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        content: largeContent,
+        bytes: fileSize,
+      });
+      expect(stat).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath);
+      expect(createReadStream).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath, {
+        encoding: 'utf8',
+        highWaterMark: 64 * 1024,
+      });
+      expect(readFile).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should use custom encoding', async () => {
+      const fileSize = 100;
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(smallContent);
+
+      await readFileAsString(mockFilePath, { encoding: 'latin1' });
+
+      expect(readFile).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath, 'latin1');
+    });
+
+    it('should respect custom stream threshold', async () => {
+      const customThreshold = 1024; // 1KB
+      const fileSize = 2048; // 2KB
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+
+      const mockStream = new Readable({
+        read() {
+          this.push('test content');
+          this.push(null);
+        },
+      });
+
+      (createReadStream as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(mockStream);
+
+      await readFileAsString(mockFilePath, { streamThreshold: customThreshold });
+
+      expect(createReadStream).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(readFile).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should handle empty files', async () => {
+      const fileSize = 0;
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue('');
+
+      const result = await readFileAsString(mockFilePath);
+
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        content: '',
+        bytes: 0,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('should propagate read errors', async () => {
+      const error = new Error('File not found');
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: 100 });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockRejectedValue(error);
+
+      await expect(readFileAsString(mockFilePath)).rejects.toThrow('File not found');
+    });
+
+    it('should propagate stat errors when fileSize not provided', async () => {
+      const error = new Error('Permission denied');
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockRejectedValue(error);
+
+      await expect(readFileAsString(mockFilePath)).rejects.toThrow('Permission denied');
+    });
+
+    it('should propagate stream errors', async () => {
+      const fileSize = 11 * 1024 * 1024; // 11MB
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+
+      const mockStream = new Readable({
+        read() {
+          this.emit('error', new Error('Stream error'));
+        },
+      });
+
+      (createReadStream as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(mockStream);
+
+      await expect(readFileAsString(mockFilePath)).rejects.toThrow('Stream error');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('readFileAsBuffer', () => {
+    const smallBuffer = Buffer.from(smallContent);
+    const largeBuffer = Buffer.from(largeContent);
+
+    it('should read small files directly without streaming', async () => {
+      const fileSize = smallBuffer.length;
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(smallBuffer);
+
+      const result = await readFileAsBuffer(mockFilePath);
+
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        content: smallBuffer,
+        bytes: fileSize,
+      });
+      expect(stat).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath);
+      expect(readFile).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath);
+      expect(createReadStream).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should use provided fileSize to avoid stat call', async () => {
+      const fileSize = smallBuffer.length;
+
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(smallBuffer);
+
+      const result = await readFileAsBuffer(mockFilePath, { fileSize });
+
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        content: smallBuffer,
+        bytes: fileSize,
+      });
+      expect(stat).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should stream large files', async () => {
+      const fileSize = largeBuffer.length;
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+
+      // Split large buffer into chunks
+      const chunk1 = largeBuffer.slice(0, 5000000);
+      const chunk2 = largeBuffer.slice(5000000, 10000000);
+      const chunk3 = largeBuffer.slice(10000000);
+
+      const chunks = [chunk1, chunk2, chunk3];
+
+      const mockStream = new Readable({
+        read() {
+          if (chunks.length > 0) {
+            this.push(chunks.shift());
+          } else {
+            this.push(null);
+          }
+        },
+      });
+
+      (createReadStream as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(mockStream);
+
+      const result = await readFileAsBuffer(mockFilePath);
+
+      expect(result.bytes).toBe(fileSize);
+      expect(Buffer.compare(result.content, largeBuffer)).toBe(0);
+      expect(createReadStream).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath, {
+        highWaterMark: 64 * 1024,
+      });
+      expect(readFile).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should respect custom highWaterMark', async () => {
+      const fileSize = 11 * 1024 * 1024; // 11MB
+      const customHighWaterMark = 128 * 1024; // 128KB
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+
+      const mockStream = new Readable({
+        read() {
+          this.push(Buffer.from('test'));
+          this.push(null);
+        },
+      });
+
+      (createReadStream as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(mockStream);
+
+      await readFileAsBuffer(mockFilePath, { highWaterMark: customHighWaterMark });
+
+      expect(createReadStream).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath, {
+        highWaterMark: customHighWaterMark,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('should handle empty buffer files', async () => {
+      const emptyBuffer = Buffer.alloc(0);
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: 0 });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(emptyBuffer);
+
+      const result = await readFileAsBuffer(mockFilePath);
+
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        content: emptyBuffer,
+        bytes: 0,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('should propagate errors', async () => {
+      const error = new Error('Access denied');
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: 100 });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockRejectedValue(error);
+
+      await expect(readFileAsBuffer(mockFilePath)).rejects.toThrow('Access denied');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('readJsonFile', () => {
+    const validJson = { name: 'test', value: 123, nested: { key: 'value' } };
+    const jsonString = JSON.stringify(validJson);
+
+    it('should parse valid JSON files', async () => {
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: jsonString.length });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(jsonString);
+
+      const result = await readJsonFile(mockFilePath);
+
+      expect(result).toEqual(validJson);
+      expect(readFile).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockFilePath, 'utf8');
+    });
+
+    it('should parse JSON with provided fileSize', async () => {
+      const fileSize = jsonString.length;
+
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(jsonString);
+
+      const result = await readJsonFile(mockFilePath, { fileSize });
+
+      expect(result).toEqual(validJson);
+      expect(stat).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should handle JSON arrays', async () => {
+      const jsonArray = [1, 2, 3, { key: 'value' }];
+      const arrayString = JSON.stringify(jsonArray);
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: arrayString.length });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(arrayString);
+
+      const result = await readJsonFile(mockFilePath);
+
+      expect(result).toEqual(jsonArray);
+    });
+
+    it('should throw on invalid JSON', async () => {
+      const invalidJson = '{ invalid json }';
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: invalidJson.length });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(invalidJson);
+
+      await expect(readJsonFile(mockFilePath)).rejects.toThrow();
+    });
+
+    it('should throw on empty file', async () => {
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: 0 });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue('');
+
+      await expect(readJsonFile(mockFilePath)).rejects.toThrow();
+    });
+
+    it('should handle large JSON files with streaming', async () => {
+      const largeJson = { data: 'x'.repeat(11 * 1024 * 1024) }; // >10MB
+      const largeJsonString = JSON.stringify(largeJson);
+      const fileSize = largeJsonString.length;
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+
+      // Create chunks for streaming
+      const chunks: string[] = [];
+      let offset = 0;
+      const chunkSize = 5 * 1024 * 1024; // 5MB chunks
+
+      while (offset < largeJsonString.length) {
+        chunks.push(largeJsonString.slice(offset, offset + chunkSize));
+        offset += chunkSize;
+      }
+
+      const mockStream = new Readable({
+        read() {
+          if (chunks.length > 0) {
+            this.push(chunks.shift());
+          } else {
+            this.push(null);
+          }
+        },
+      });
+
+      (createReadStream as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(mockStream);
+
+      const result = await readJsonFile(mockFilePath);
+
+      expect(result).toEqual(largeJson);
+      expect(createReadStream).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(readFile).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should use custom stream threshold', async () => {
+      const customThreshold = 100;
+      const json = { test: 'x'.repeat(200) };
+      const jsonStr = JSON.stringify(json);
+      const fileSize = jsonStr.length;
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: fileSize });
+
+      const mockStream = new Readable({
+        read() {
+          this.push(jsonStr);
+          this.push(null);
+        },
+      });
+
+      (createReadStream as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(mockStream);
+
+      await readJsonFile(mockFilePath, { streamThreshold: customThreshold });
+
+      expect(createReadStream).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should preserve type with generics', async () => {
+      interface TestType {
+        id: number;
+        name: string;
+      }
+
+      const typedJson: TestType = { id: 1, name: 'test' };
+      const jsonString = JSON.stringify(typedJson);
+
+      (stat as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ size: jsonString.length });
+      (readFile as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(jsonString);
+
+      const result = await readJsonFile<TestType>(mockFilePath);
+
+      expect(result).toEqual(typedJson);
+      expect(result.id).toBe(1);
+      expect(result.name).toBe('test');
+    });
+  });
+});

packages/api/src/utils/axios.ts

@@ -9,12 +9,25 @@ import type { AxiosInstance, AxiosProxyConfig, AxiosError } from 'axios';
  * @param options.error - The Axios error object.
  * @returns The log message.
  */
-export const logAxiosError = ({ message, error }: { message: string; error: AxiosError }) => {
+export const logAxiosError = ({
+  message,
+  error,
+}: {
+  message: string;
+  error: AxiosError | Error | unknown;
+}) => {
   let logMessage = message;
   try {
-    const stack = error.stack || 'No stack trace available';
+    const stack =
+      error != null
+        ? (error as Error | AxiosError)?.stack || 'No stack trace available'
+        : 'No stack trace available';
+    const errorMessage =
+      error != null
+        ? (error as Error | AxiosError)?.message || 'No error message available'
+        : 'No error message available';
 
-    if (error.response?.status) {
+    if (axios.isAxiosError(error) && error.response && error.response?.status) {
       const { status, headers, data } = error.response;
       logMessage = `${message} The server responded with status ${status}: ${error.message}`;
       logger.error(logMessage, {
@@ -23,18 +36,18 @@ export const logAxiosError = ({ message, error }: { message: string; error: Axio
         data,
         stack,
       });
-    } else if (error.request) {
+    } else if (axios.isAxiosError(error) && error.request) {
       const { method, url } = error.config || {};
       logMessage = `${message} No response received for ${method ? method.toUpperCase() : ''} ${url || ''}: ${error.message}`;
       logger.error(logMessage, {
         requestInfo: { method, url },
         stack,
       });
-    } else if (error?.message?.includes("Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'status')")) {
+    } else if (errorMessage?.includes("Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'status')")) {
-      logMessage = `${message} It appears the request timed out or was unsuccessful: ${error.message}`;
+      logMessage = `${message} It appears the request timed out or was unsuccessful: ${errorMessage}`;
       logger.error(logMessage, { stack });
     } else {
-      logMessage = `${message} An error occurred while setting up the request: ${error.message}`;
+      logMessage = `${message} An error occurred while setting up the request: ${errorMessage}`;
       logger.error(logMessage, { stack });
     }
   } catch (err: unknown) {

packages/api/src/utils/files.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import path from 'path';
 import crypto from 'node:crypto';
+import { createReadStream } from 'fs';
+import { readFile, stat } from 'fs/promises';
 
 /**
  * Sanitize a filename by removing any directory components, replacing non-alphanumeric characters
@@ -31,3 +33,122 @@ export function sanitizeFilename(inputName: string): string {
 
   return name;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Options for reading files
+ */
+export interface ReadFileOptions {
+  encoding?: BufferEncoding;
+  /** Size threshold in bytes. Files larger than this will be streamed. Default: 10MB */
+  streamThreshold?: number;
+  /** Size of chunks when streaming. Default: 64KB */
+  highWaterMark?: number;
+  /** File size in bytes if known (e.g. from multer). Avoids extra stat() call. */
+  fileSize?: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Result from reading a file
+ */
+export interface ReadFileResult<T> {
+  content: T;
+  bytes: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads a file asynchronously. Uses streaming for large files to avoid memory issues.
+ *
+ * @param filePath - Path to the file to read
+ * @param options - Options for reading the file
+ * @returns Promise resolving to the file contents and size
+ * @throws Error if the file cannot be read
+ */
+export async function readFileAsString(
+  filePath: string,
+  options: ReadFileOptions = {},
+): Promise<ReadFileResult<string>> {
+  const {
+    encoding = 'utf8',
+    streamThreshold = 10 * 1024 * 1024, // 10MB
+    highWaterMark = 64 * 1024, // 64KB
+    fileSize,
+  } = options;
+
+  // Get file size if not provided
+  const bytes = fileSize ?? (await stat(filePath)).size;
+
+  // For large files, use streaming to avoid memory issues
+  if (bytes > streamThreshold) {
+    const chunks: string[] = [];
+    const stream = createReadStream(filePath, {
+      encoding,
+      highWaterMark,
+    });
+
+    for await (const chunk of stream) {
+      chunks.push(chunk as string);
+    }
+
+    return { content: chunks.join(''), bytes };
+  }
+
+  // For smaller files, read directly
+  const content = await readFile(filePath, encoding);
+  return { content, bytes };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads a file as a Buffer asynchronously. Uses streaming for large files.
+ *
+ * @param filePath - Path to the file to read
+ * @param options - Options for reading the file
+ * @returns Promise resolving to the file contents and size
+ * @throws Error if the file cannot be read
+ */
+export async function readFileAsBuffer(
+  filePath: string,
+  options: Omit<ReadFileOptions, 'encoding'> = {},
+): Promise<ReadFileResult<Buffer>> {
+  const {
+    streamThreshold = 10 * 1024 * 1024, // 10MB
+    highWaterMark = 64 * 1024, // 64KB
+    fileSize,
+  } = options;
+
+  // Get file size if not provided
+  const bytes = fileSize ?? (await stat(filePath)).size;
+
+  // For large files, use streaming to avoid memory issues
+  if (bytes > streamThreshold) {
+    const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
+    const stream = createReadStream(filePath, {
+      highWaterMark,
+    });
+
+    for await (const chunk of stream) {
+      chunks.push(chunk as Buffer);
+    }
+
+    return { content: Buffer.concat(chunks), bytes };
+  }
+
+  // For smaller files, read directly
+  const content = await readFile(filePath);
+  return { content, bytes };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads a JSON file asynchronously
+ *
+ * @param filePath - Path to the JSON file to read
+ * @param options - Options for reading the file
+ * @returns Promise resolving to the parsed JSON object
+ * @throws Error if the file cannot be read or parsed
+ */
+export async function readJsonFile<T = unknown>(
+  filePath: string,
+  options: Omit<ReadFileOptions, 'encoding'> = {},
+): Promise<T> {
+  const { content } = await readFileAsString(filePath, { ...options, encoding: 'utf8' });
+  return JSON.parse(content);
+}

packages/api/src/utils/key.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-import fs from 'fs';
 import path from 'path';
 import axios from 'axios';
+import { readFileAsString } from './files';
 import { loadServiceKey } from './key';
 
 jest.mock('fs');
@@ -11,6 +11,10 @@ jest.mock('@librechat/data-schemas', () => ({
   },
 }));
 
+jest.mock('./files', () => ({
+  readFileAsString: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
 describe('loadServiceKey', () => {
   const mockServiceKey = {
     type: 'service_account',
@@ -49,10 +53,13 @@ describe('loadServiceKey', () => {
 
   it('should load from file path', async () => {
     const filePath = '/path/to/service-key.json';
-    (fs.readFileSync as jest.Mock).mockReturnValue(JSON.stringify(mockServiceKey));
+    (readFileAsString as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({
+      content: JSON.stringify(mockServiceKey),
+      bytes: JSON.stringify(mockServiceKey).length,
+    });
 
     const result = await loadServiceKey(filePath);
-    expect(fs.readFileSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith(path.resolve(filePath), 'utf8');
+    expect(readFileAsString).toHaveBeenCalledWith(path.resolve(filePath));
     expect(result).toEqual(mockServiceKey);
   });
 
@@ -73,9 +80,7 @@ describe('loadServiceKey', () => {
 
   it('should handle file read errors', async () => {
     const filePath = '/path/to/nonexistent.json';
-    (fs.readFileSync as jest.Mock).mockImplementation(() => {
+    (readFileAsString as jest.Mock).mockRejectedValue(new Error('File not found'));
-      throw new Error('File not found');
-    });
 
     const result = await loadServiceKey(filePath);
     expect(result).toBeNull();

packages/api/src/utils/key.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import fs from 'fs';
 import path from 'path';
 import axios from 'axios';
 import { logger } from '@librechat/data-schemas';
+import { readFileAsString } from './files';
 
 export interface GoogleServiceKey {
   type?: string;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export async function loadServiceKey(keyPath: string): Promise<GoogleServiceKey
     // It's a file path
     try {
       const absolutePath = path.isAbsolute(keyPath) ? keyPath : path.resolve(keyPath);
-      const fileContent = fs.readFileSync(absolutePath, 'utf8');
+      const { content: fileContent } = await readFileAsString(absolutePath);
       serviceKey = JSON.parse(fileContent);
     } catch (error) {
       logger.error(`Failed to load service key from file: ${keyPath}`, error);